>Art movements come and go
as artists feel the need
to express themselves
in new and different ways.
From the mid-18th to the early 19th century,
Neoclassicism was the main style of European art.
It was named this
because the artists tried to create paintings and sculptures
in the classical styles of ancient Greece and Rome.
To do this, they followed strict rules
about calmness, simplicity, balance, and harmony.
But towards the end of the 18th century,
a new movement of art, called Romanticism,
was growing.
Romanticism began
because artists wanted
to break all the Neoclassical rules.
Nature and emotion were important to them,
and they no longer wanted
to create calm, inexpressive works of art.
Romantic artists wanted to express their emotions
through the use of strong colors.
They looked for subjects to paint
that were exciting and interesting.
In France, Romantic artists liked to paint images
that included magic, drama, and heroic themes.
they painted dramatic battles and scenes
that were full of movement.
Sometimes they painted individuals, such as Napoleon,
showing them as courageous heroes.
At other times, they painted individuals
in dramatic circumstances,
such as wounded soldiers
surrounded by clouds and smoke.
Some artists painted subjects from literature
and their travels to the Middel East.
English Romantic artists mainly painted outdoor scenes.
Unlike the Neoclaasical painters,
they chose landscapes
that were wild and mysterious.
Artists such as Constable used a scientific approach.
Constable was the first artist to paint ouside.
He studied cloud formations
and how the light changed
depending upon weather conditions.
Artists such as Turner created pictures
from the imagination,
painting snowstorms and seascapes
with mixtures of clouds, snow, fire, and the sea.
Romantic painters had an important influence
on later artists.
Because they experimented
with color and other techniques,
they introduced new ways of representing
their subjects.
Their impact can be seen
in the works of the later Impressionists.
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